Background Information

Name: Maasai/Masai is a linguistice term, which refers to the speakers of Eastern Sudanic language, often called Maa, of the Nilo-Saharan language family.

Language: The official language of the Masai was first recorded by missionary Rev. Dr. Johann Ludwig Kraft; it was published using the Roman alphabet with its vowels and consonants in 1854's Vocabulary of the Engutuk Eloik ob. The language is shared within Kenya and is known as the Olmaa language or Ol Maa. F, q, v, x, and z alphabet do not occur in the Masai language. Roughly 900,000 people in southern Kenya and northern Tanzania speak this language. Maasai refers to "one who speaks the Maa language".

Population: The 2009 census revealed that Kenya has a population of 38.6 million people. Kenya's population is currently said to be at slightly over 40 million; CIA World Fact book lists the Kenya population at 41.7 million in July 2011. The Masai make up only 7% of Kenya's population. It is estimated that 1 million of Kenya's population is Masai; however most Masai people do not agree to that being the actual number.

History:
The Maasai, at times spelled Masai, of East Africa consists of 5 clans; ilmakesen, il-laiser, il-molelian, il-taarrosero and il-ikumai, although there have been claims of an actual number of 7. The Masai have said that they came from a crater or deep valley known at Endikir-e-Kerio, however it is known that they initially came from the North likely from the region of the Nile Valley in Sudan, northwest of Lake Turkana. Not until the 1830's were the Masai a collective nation, yet their reputation proceeded them as fierce warriors whose livelihood consists of livestock/cattle, hence the need for strong warriors to obtain territory for pasturing and additional cattle. During the 19th century their herds were destroyed due to a cattle virus obtained called Rinderpest and drought. Treaties or colonial agreements in 1904 and 1911 with the European Government moved the Masai out of the northern lands of Laikipia. The Masai livelihood today consists of cattle and benefit by way of the national parks in which a small percentage of money generated from them provide schools, health centers and construction dams. The national parks and reserves were initially the Masai's territory and are now Kenya's tourism sector.

Wednesday, July 17, 2013

Masai Culture


The Masai culture is made of many different elements such as their homes, food, wars, education and language.  Their homes are called inkajijik and are made of sticks, mud, dung, and grass, which they can find locally because they are a nomadic people.  The homes are circular in shape and are designed and built by the women.  The completion of a Masai women’s first house is one of the most important moments in her life.  More than one family usually lives in one of the houses.  The homes have poor light and ventilation making them unhygienic for cooking.  The food of the Masai consists primarily of meat making them pastoralists.  Their diet helps to give them energy and bulk but it also brings them a heightened risk of cardiovascular diseases.  In an effort to keep a balanced diet they sometimes eat fruit and a daily consumption of gum and resin is important.  The Masai are a warrior people and become warriors after there circumcision.  The warrior is taught of cattle raiding, tactics for war and hunting strategies.  At one point the Masai warrior was the most powerful and disciplined fighting force in East Africa but now they are due to smallpox and famine.  Education for the Masai is only for the men and even then very few actually go to it.  This is because they believe that livestock is more important than an education and the women can’t get one because if they learn things then the women would want to leave the village.  The boys of school age also are the ones that useful for helping out at home.  Their language is similar to others such as the Samburu and Camus peoples.  It can be heard spoken from the southern tip of the Nile to Tanzania and west to the Congo.  The language has 25 consonants and 9 vowels to though they may be pronounced slightly different based on what region you are in.   

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